液动射流式冲击器应用于超深井的模拟试验     

蒋荣庆  庞友同  栾桂林 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1990,(3)

联邦德国为了钻一口14000～15000m超深井,拟选用我国发明的射流式冲击器与绳索取心相结合的钻具系统。为了证实钻具在深井应用的可能性,在高压釜内进行了模拟试验,结果在围压达400×10~5Pa的情况下仍能正常工作。此成果受到西德大陆深钻计划委员会(KTB)的关注。  相似文献   

Developments in a non-destructive method of determining rock strength: A reply     

Robert J. Allison 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1991,16(5):473-476

In a previous publication (Allison, 1989), a non-destructive method for indirectly determining rock strength by measuring Dynamic Young's Modulus was described. Data were presented to assess the Grindosonic apparatus in relation to standard laboratory techniques. A further Short Communication (Allison, 1990) evaluated the non-destructive test as a field technique, in part achieved by comparing the Grindosonic results with data collected using the Schmidt hammer. The Schmidt hammer is a widely used field technique in geomorphology for determining rock strength (see for example Day and Goudie, 1977; Day, 1981). Allison (1989, 1990) also suggested that the elastic properties of materials are becoming increasingly important in geomorphological studies. The opportunity to provide additional information and comments here is appreciated.  相似文献   

Rock resistance to erosion: Some further considerations     

Paul C. Augustinus 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1991,16(6):563-569

Rock resistance to erosion is an often described factor in geomorphic studies, and is generally considered to strongly influence the shape of erosional landforms. However, the property of the rock mass that enables it to resist erosion is rarely considered, and its measurement is rarely justified and assessed adequately. Allison (1988, 1990) examined the intact strength properties of several types of carbonate rocks and considered that dynamic Young's modulus is a good indicator of rock material strength for geomorphic purposes, and cast doubts on the reliability of Schmidt hammer tests for this purpose. Alternative approaches to rock characterization from the view point of evaluating rock intact strength are considered.  相似文献   

Enhanced boulder weathering under late-lying snowpatches     

Colin K. Ballantyne  Nicola M. Black  Donna P. Finlay 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1989,14(8):745-750

A Schmidt test hammer was employed to assess the aggregate surface hardness of samples of boulders dug out from under late-lying snowpatches at sites in Switzerland, Scotland and Norway. The results were compared with an equivalent set of readings made on boulders at nearby snow-free control sites. The results in every case reveal that the aggregate surface hardness of boulders buried by late-lying snow is significantly less (at the 0·001 level) than that of boulders at the corresponding control sites. This result indicates that late-lying snow significantly enhances rock weathering, probably because boulder and rock surfaces are exposed to prolonged wetting by percolating meltwater under late-lying snowbeds.  相似文献   

贵州碎屑岩层地热深井空气潜孔锤钻进技术应用研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵华宣 《地质与勘探》2016,52(5):942-949

本文研究了空气潜孔锤钻井技术在贵州省复杂碎屑岩层地热深井中的应用,涉及结构复杂、软硬互层、软弱夹层多及强水敏性泥页岩地层的56~1029m井段和Φ216~Φ315mm井径的条件,探讨了在这样环境下空气潜孔锤钻进设备机具配置组合、钻进参数;分析了深井碎屑岩层复杂井况的空气潜孔锤钻进效率。结果表明,该设备钻速是牙轮钻进的12.4~35倍,综合成本为198.73~693.93元/米,比牙轮钻进850~950元/米低得多。从复杂碎屑岩的结构特征和空气潜孔锤钻进特性,剖析了钻进中常遇问题的原因,并总结了相应的钻进技术和工艺措施。研究结果表明,合理设备机具的组合配置和钻进工艺措施能有效提高复杂碎屑岩层条件下空气潜孔锤钻进施工效率。  相似文献   

空气潜孔锤孔底局部反循环封堵工具研究与应用          下载免费PDF全文

王剑  李勇  李奇龙  赵华宣  王虎 《探矿工程》2021,48(3):61-66

空气潜孔锤钻进工艺钻进效率是常规钻井工艺的10~20倍,对提高矿产资源勘探开发效率,促进贵州省经济发展具有重大意义。西南（贵州）喀斯特地区是全球最大的喀斯特连片分布区,碳酸盐岩地层分布广泛,溶洞及溶隙、裂隙发育,在使用空气潜孔锤钻进工艺钻进时,容易发生漏风现象,导致返渣困难,甚至发生卡钻、埋钻事故。双壁钻杆空气潜孔锤局部反循环钻进工艺可以有效解决喀斯特地区空气潜孔锤钻进工艺使用困难的问题,但该工艺使用的封堵工具极易磨损,限制了该工艺在深井钻探中的使用。本项目主要以双壁钻杆空气潜孔锤局部反循环封堵工具为对象,通过调整封堵工具结构,增加封堵环旋转性能等手段,对封堵环进行改良和优化设计,增加封堵工具的使用寿命,实现双壁钻杆空气潜孔锤局部反循环钻进工艺在深井钻探中的应用。  相似文献   

多参数液动潜孔锤测试平台的研究          下载免费PDF全文

王跃伟  陆洪智  齐力强  杨泽英  张涛  苏长寿  梁楠 《探矿工程》2019,46(11):54-59

液动冲击回转钻进技术现已广泛应用于地质勘探领域,但在石油、地热、煤层气等其他钻井领域应用还较少。原因之一是现有的液动潜孔锤正常工作所需泵量和泵压与输出冲击功和冲击频率难以适应上述钻井领域的要求。针对这一问题,分析了冲击功与冲击力的关系,利用压电石英传感器测定液动潜孔锤的冲击功,并研制了多参数液动潜孔锤测试平台,探索液动潜孔锤结构参数对其输入、输出性能参数的影响,以适应不同领域钻井技术的要求。新研制的液动潜孔锤测试平台由数据采集和处理模块、循环动力模块和机械固定模块3个主要模块组成,实现了在尽可能不破坏液动锤结构的前提下对其输出冲击功、冲击频率及泵量、上下腔压力、背压等多个参数进行实时动态监测,进而开展液动潜孔锤理论研究,进一步提高其研究水平和适用领域。  相似文献   

山东海阳核电一期取水沟道进出口部位抗震分析          下载免费PDF全文

赵杰  徐剑  王桂萱 《地震工程学报》2016,38(2):185-191

以山东海阳核电一期取水沟道工程为背景,采用动力时程反应分析方法,利用非线性有限差分软件FLAC3D建立三维土体-结构模型,分析该核电站取水沟道进、出口部位在自重、外水压力、土压力、温度、水锤压力、地震等荷载效应组合下的内力变化情况。通过编制FLAC3D程序并结合五点公式计算衬砌结构的内力,对该核电取水沟道进、出水口部位进行抗震分析。计算结果表明温度荷载、水锤压力以及地震荷载对沟道进出口部位内力影响显著,设计施工时应对薄弱截面进行加密配筋处理。本文的计算方法和分析成果可为核电厂取水沟道地震反应分析以及其他类似结构设计提供参考。  相似文献   

空气跟管钻进在南苏丹供水井流沙层中的应用实践          下载免费PDF全文

周作明 《探矿工程》2017,44(4):36-38

在南苏丹供水井钻探施工过程中,遇特别松散的流沙层,常规的泥浆护壁钻进难以成孔。简要介绍了在南苏丹供水井施工现场制作简易同步回转拨杠实现空气跟管钻进的基本原理与工作程序,有效地解决了流沙层的钻进成孔问题。并针对这一技术应用过程中存在的问题,提出了改进建议。  相似文献   

A minimum sample size required from Schmidt hammer measurements     

Tomasz Niedzielski  Piotr Migoń  Agnieszka Placek 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2009,34(13):1713-1725

The Schmidt hammer is a useful tool applied by geomorphologists to measure rock strength in field conditions. The essence of field application is to obtain a sufficiently large dataset of individual rebound values, which yields a meaningful numerical value of mean strength. Although there is general agreement that a certain minimum sample size is required to proceed with the statistics, the choice of size (i.e. number of individual impacts) was usually intuitive and arbitrary. In this paper we show a simple statistical method, based on the two‐sample Student's t‐test, to objectively estimate the minimum number of rebound measurements. We present the results as (1) the ‘mean’ and ‘median’ solutions, each providing a single estimate value, and (2) the empirical probability distribution of such estimates based on many field samples. Schmidt hammer data for 14 lithologies, 13–81 samples for each, with each sample consisting of 40 individual readings, have been evaluated, assuming different significance levels. The principal recommendations are: (1) the recommended minimum sample size for weak and moderately strong rock is 25; (2) a sample size of 15 is sufficient for sandstones and shales; (3) strong and coarse rocks require 30 readings at a site; (4) the minimum sample size may be reduced by one‐third if the context of research allows for higher significance level for test statistics. Interpretations based on less than 10 readings from a site should definitely be avoided. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献